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UCSF INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH & AGING   ◊   UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO

Carroll Estes, photo
Carroll L. Estes

Carroll L. Estes, Ph.D.

Email:  carrollestes@earthlink.net
Telephone:  (415) 476-3236

(Also visit our other web page, which honors Dr. Estes' Forty-Year Legacy.)

Carroll L. Estes, Ph.D., is Professor of Sociology at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). She is the founding and first Director of the Institute for Health & Aging (1979-1998) and the former chair of the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences (1981-1992), School of Nursing, UCSF.

Dr. Estes is a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, and past President of three national organizations in aging: The Gerontological Society of America (GSA), the American Society on Aging (ASA), and the Association for Gerontology in Higher Education (AGHE).

She was national vice-president of the Older Women's League (OWL). She has served as consultant to US Commissioners of Social Security and to US Senate and House Committees on Aging, as well as a member of multiple federal commissions and advisory boards and private foundations.

Professor Estes' awards include UCSF's highest research honor, the Faculty Research Lecturer, the American Society on Aging Leadership Award, the Kent Award of the Gerontological Society of America, the Distinguished Research Career Award of the Section on Aging & the Life Course of the American Sociological Association, and the UCSF Helen Nahm Nursing Research Award. In 1998, The League of Women Voters named her "A Woman Who Could Be President."

Her current research is in long term care, mental health services and aging, older women, Social Security, and Medicare. Dr. Estes is a prolific writer who has authored and co-authored 8 books and more than 150 scientific articles and book chapters. Dr. Estes has co-edited 14 books, including The Nation's Health (with Philip R. Lee) and Health Policy (with Charlene Harrington), the latter of which was named in 2005 The Book of the Year by The American Journal of Nursing.

Her book, The Long Term Care Crisis, was named Choice Magazine's top 100 most important books in 1994. Her most recent books are Social Policy and Aging: A Critical Perspective (Sage, 2001) and Social Theory, Social Policy and Ageing (Open University Press, 2003).

Her research papers have appeared in The Journal of the American Medical Association, The American Journal of Sociology, Health Care Financing Review, Health Affairs, Milbank Quarterly, Social Science and Medicine, The Gerontologist, The Journals of Gerontology, and the Journal of Aging and Social Policy, among others.

Professor Estes received her A.B. from Stanford University, her M.A. from Southern Methodist University, and her Ph.D. in Sociology from the University of California, San Diego.

She holds an honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from Russell Sage College. 

RECENT PROJECTS

Title:  Enhancing the Performance of Local Long Term Care Ombudsman Programs in Georgia
Project Period:  9/29/2006-9/30/2007
Funding Agency:  Office of the State LTCO, Division of Aging Services
Description:
This project is a multi-state effort, involving New York, California, Illinois, and Ohio) to strengthen the capacity of local ombudsman programs to improve the quality of care of residents of long-term care (LTC) facilities.

Title:  The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Scholars in Health Policy Research Program
Project Period:  8/1/2003-7/31/2007
Funding Agency:  UC Berkeley Subcontract
Description:  Dr. Estes serves as the director of the IHA portion of the program. Responsibilities include (1) serving on the Executive Committee of the Program; (2) assisting in the selection of scholars and monitoring their progress and performance; (3) co-organizing seminars; (4) working with scholars in a mentoring and advisory capacity; and (5) participating in tutorials, colloquia, workshops, special events, and other program activities.

Title:  Disparities in Mental Health Services Among Older Adults in Florida and California: Examination of Race/Ethnicity and Gender
Project Period: 5/1/2005-3/31/2007
Funding Agency:  AFYA, Inc.
Description:  The purpose of this project is to conduct statewide dissemination of the emerging issues and concerns relating to access to mental health services for older men and women living in Florida and California.  Relevant information will be drawn from key informants and organizational service representatives (public and non-profit mental health and aging agencies and researchers) from Florida and California, as well as key policymakers from the national level.

Title:  Enhancing the Performance of the Long Term Care Ombudsman Programs
Project Period: 4/01/2003-12/31/2006
Funding Agency:  The Commonwealth Fund
Description:  This project will examine the factors affecting performance of the local ombudsman programs in California and New York, which have, respectively, the largest and second-largest populations of adults ages 85 and older. Project investigators will perform a comparative analysis of local programs, enlisting the participation of state and local officials and ombudsmen and, ultimately, develop a set of recommendations and a "best practices toolkit" for all states.

Title:  Enhancing the Performance of Local Long Term Care Ombudsman Programs in California
Project Period: 7/1/2003-12/31/2006
Funding Agency:  Archstone Foundation
Description:  This project seeks to understand and improve the performance and effectiveness of the 35 local long term care (LTC) ombudsman programs in California, and particularly with regard to the areas of elder abuse and end of life care.

Title:  Enhancing the Performance of Local Long Term Care Ombudsman Programs in Illinois
Project Period:  1/1/2005-12/31/2006
Funding Agency:  University of Illinois, Chicago/Retirement Research Foundation
Description:  The goal of this project is to strengthen the ombudsman program in Illinois, giving it an enhanced capacity to protect and advocate for residents of nursing homes and other Long Term Care facilities.

Title:  Healthy Aging Initiative - Developmental Phase
Project Period:  1/1/2004-12/31/2006
Funding Agency:  The California Endowment
Description:  Dr. Estes is serving as Senior Technical Advisor to The California Endowment on the Healthy Aging Initiative that aims toincrease access to quality and affordable health and mental health care for California's underserved aging population.

Title:  Enhancing the Performance of Local Long Term Care Ombudsman Programs in Ohio
Project Period:  10/1/2005-9/30/2006
Funding Agency:  Miami University
Description:  The goal of this project is to support the research data collection efforts and analysis by SGC researchers within Ohio, to make recommendations of actions for local LTCOP's to maximize their effectiveness, and to develop recommendations of "best practices" and policy implications for the states of California and New York.

Title:  New York State Long Term Care Ombudsman Program Project
Project Period:  5/1/2004-8/31/2005
Funding Agency:  New York Community Trust
Description:  This project examines the effectiveness of local Long Term Care Ombudsmen Programs of NYS and the factors that are associated with the effectiveness of the program in a number of domain by (1) collecting from local ombudsmen, both primary and secondary data on the effectiveness of NYS programs, (2) collecting primary interview data from selected NYS and federal key informants, and (3) disseminating the information, and (4) working collaboratively to develop recommendations and next steps with NYS policymakers and local ombudsmen.

Title:  Post-Acute Care and Rehabilitation in the Long Term Care Ombudsman Program: New York State and California
Project Period:  1/1/2004-12/31/2005
Funding Agency:  The Jacob and Valeria Langeloth Foundation
Description:  This project seeks to understand and enhance the performance of the local long-term care ombudsman programs in new York State and California in in an effort to protect and improve conditions for residents of long-term care facilities.

Publications

Books

2004 Harrington, C. and C.L. Estes (Eds.) Health Policy, 4th Edition. Boston: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

2003 Estes, C.L., S. Biggs, and C. Phillipson. Social Theory, Social Policy and Ageing: A Critical Introduction. London: Open University Press. (US: McGraw-Hill).

2003 Lee, P.R. and C.L. Estes (Eds.) The Nation's Health, 7th Edition.  Boston: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

2001 Estes, C.L. and Associates. Social Policy and Aging: A Critical Perspective. Thousand Oaks: CA: Sage Publications.

2001 Harrington, C. and C.L. Estes (Eds.) Health Policy. 3rd Edition. Boston: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

1999 Minkler, M. and C.L. Estes. (Eds.) Critical Gerontology: Perspectives From Political and Moral Economy. Baywood, 2nd Edition. NY: Baywood.

1993 Estes, C.L., J.H. Swan, and Associates. The Long Term Care Crisis. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

1991 Minkler, M., and C.L. Estes (Eds.). Critical Perspectives on Aging. Baywood, NY: Baywood.

1985 Harrington, C., R.J. Newcomer, C.L. Estes, and Associated. Long Term Care of the Elderly: Public Policy Issues. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.

1984 Estes, C.L., L. Gerard, J.S. Zones, and J. Swan. Political Economy, Health, and Aging. Boston, MA: Little Brown.

1983 Estes, C.L. and R.J. Newcomer, and Associates. Fiscal Austerity and Aging: Shifting Governmental Responsibility for the Elderly. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.

1979 Estes, C.L., The Aging Enterprise. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Articles and Book Chapters

2006 Estes, C.L., S. Goldberg, S. Shostack, K. Linkins, and R. Beard. "Implications of Welfare Reform For the Elderly: A Case Study of Provider, Advocate, and Consumer Perspectives." The Journal of Aging and Social Policy.

2006 Estes, C.L., S. Goldberg, S. Lohrer, M. Nelson, and B. Hollister. Paper series on "Enhancing the Effectiveness of the Local Long Term Care Ombudsman Program." (Research paper submitted to The Commonwealth Fund). 

2006 Lynch, M., M. Hernandez, and C.L. Estes. "Program for All Inclusive Care for the Elderly/PACE: Has It Changed the Chronic Care Paradigm?" Journal Health and Social Policy (in press).

2005  Estes, C.L. and S.P. Wallace. “Social Injustice, Public Health, and the Elderly.” In B. Levy and V. Sidel (Eds.).  Social Injustice and Public Health. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. (Original Chapter)

2005  Estes, C.L. “Women, Ageing and Inequality: A Feminist Perspective.” In M. Johnson (Ed.) Cambridge Handbook of Age and Ageing. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. (Original Chapter)

2005  Estes, C.L. “Political Economy of Health and Aging.” Encyclopedia of Aging. 4th Edition. R. Schultz (Ed.). NY: Springer.

2005 Estes, C.D. Ogawa, T. Weitz, and C. Wellin. “Health Care Policy History.” Encyclopedia of Aging. 4th Edition. Richard Schulz (Ed.) NY: Springer.

2005  Estes, C.L. “Critical Feminist Perspectives, Aging and Social Policy.” In Dannefer, D, C. Phillipson, and J. Hendricks (Eds.)  Aging, Globalization, and Inequality: The New Critical Gerontology. Amityville, NY: Baywood. (Original Chapter).

2005 Lynch, M., M. Hernandez, and C.L. Estes. “Advances in Long Term Care Integration” Journal of Health Policy.

2004  Estes, C.L., D. M. Zulman, S.C. Goldberg, and D. Ogawa. “State Long Term Care Ombudsman Programs:  Factors Associated with Perceived Effectiveness.” The Gerontologist. Vol. 44 (1).

2004  Estes, C.L. “Social Security Privatization and Older Women: A Feminist Political Economy Perspective.” Journal of Aging Studies. Vol. 18 (1): 9-26.

2004 Lynch, M., C.L. Estes, and M. Hernandez. “Chronic Care Initiatives for the Elderly: Can They Bridge the Gerontology-Medicine Gap?” Journal of the Applied Gerontology.  (In Press)

2003  Lynch, M., C.L. Estes and M. Hernandez. “Consumer Empowerment in Chronic and Long  Term Care.” In Lee, P.R. and C.L. Estes (Eds.), pp. 579-587. The Nation's Health, 7th Edition. Boston: Jones & Bartlett Publishers. (Original Chapter).

2003  Lynch, M., C.L. Estes, and M. Hernandez. “Chronic-Care Initiatives: What We Have Learned and Implications for the Medicare Program,” pp. 151-174. In Long Term Care and Medicare Policy: Can We Improve the Continuity of Care? Washington DC: The Brookings Institution and National Academy of Social Insurance.

2002  Estes, C.L. and C. Phillipson. “Globalization, The Welfare State and Aging.” International Journal of Health Services. 32 (2):279-297.

2002  Estes, C.L. “Theoretical Perspectives on Old Age Policy” In S. Biggs, A. Lowenstein and J. Hendricks (Eds.), pp. 219-243. The Need for Theory: Social Gerontology for the 21st Century. Amityville, NY: Baywood, Pub.

2002  Beard, R. and C.L. Estes. “Medicalization of Aging.” In D.J. Ekerdt, R. A. Applebaum, K.C. Holden, S. G. Post, K. Rockwood, R. Schultz, R.L. Sprott and P. Uhlenberg (Eds.). Encyclopedia of Aging. New York: MacMillan Reference USA.

2002  Kaskie, B. and C.L. Estes. “Mental Health Services Policy and the Aging.” Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 36 (3/4): 99-114.

2002  Arean, P., K., J. Alvidrez, R. Nery, C.L. Estes, and K. Linkins. “Recruitment and Retention of Older Minorities in Mental Health Services Research.” The Gerontologist. Vol. 43 (1): 36-44.

2002  Zulman, D. and C.L. Estes. “The Geriatric Imperative: Educating Physicians to Care for an Aging Population.” Gerontology and Geriatrics Education. 23 (3): 1-18.

2001  Wiener, J.M., C.L. Estes, S.M. Goldenson, and S.C. Goldberg. “What Happened to Long-Term Care in the Health Reform Debate of 1993-1994?  Lessons for the Future.” Milbank Quarterly, 79 (2): 207-248.

2001  Estes, C.L., R. Seymour and M.C. Yue. “California Collaborative Center for Substance Abuse Policy Research: A History and Update.” Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 33(4):1-2.

2001  Estes, C.L. “From Gender to the Political Economy of Ageing.” The European Journal of Social Quality. 2 (1): 28-46.

2001  Estes, C.L., J. Wiener, S. Goldberg, and S. Goldensen. “The Politics of Long Term Care Reform Under the Clinton Health Plan: Lessons for the Future.” In Lee, P.R. and C.L. Estes (Eds.)  The Nation's Health, 6th Edition. Boston: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, pp. 206-214. (Original Chapter).

2001  Estes, C.L. and Weitz, T. “Aging and Gender: A New Voice on the Women's Health Agenda.”  In Lee, P. R. and C. L. Estes (Eds.)  The Nation's Health, 6th Edition. Boston: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, pp. 523-546. (Original Chapter).

2001  Weitz T. and C.L. Estes. “Adding Aging and Gender to the Women's Health Agenda.” Journal of Women & Aging. 13(1): 3-20.

2001  Estes, C.L., D. Ogawa, and T. Weitz. “Health Policy and Aging” In George Maddox (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Aging. NY: Springer, pp. 472-476.

2001  Schunk, M.V., and C.L. Estes. “Is German Long-Term Care Insurance a Model for the United States?” International Journal of Health Services. 31(3): 617-634.

2001  Estes, C.L., C. Harrington, and D.N. Pellow. “Medical Industrial Complex.” In, Harrington, C. and C. L. Estes (Eds.) Health Policy. Boston: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 136-148 (Reprint).

2001 Estes, C.L. “The Uncertain Future of Home Care.” In, Harrington, C. and C. L. Estes (Eds.) Health Policy. Boston: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, pp.102-113. (Reprint).

2001  Estes, C.L. and K. W. Linkins. “Critical Perspectives on Health and Aging.” In, Harrington, C. and C. L. Estes (Eds.) Health Policy. Boston: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, pp. 97-101. (Reprint).

2001 Estes, C.L. and K. W. Linkins. “Decentralization, Devolution and The Deficit: The Changing Role of the State and the Community.” In Lee, P. R. and C. L. Estes (Eds.)  The Nation's Health, 6th Edition. Boston: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, pp. 129-141. (Reprint).

2001 Estes, C.L. "From Gender to the Political Economy of Ageing." The European Journal of Social Quality. 2(1): 28-46.

2001 Wiener, J., C.L. Estes, S. Goldensen, and S. Goldberg. "What Happened to Long Term Care in the Health Reform Debate of 1993-1994?" Milbank Quarterly.

2001 Weitz T., C.L. Estes. "Adding Aging and Gender to the Women's Health Agenda." Journal of Women & Aging. 13(1).

2001 Beard, R., C.L. Estes. "Medicalization of Aging." MacMillan Encyclopedia of Aging. New York: MacMillan Publishing.

2001. Estes, C.L., D. Ogawa, and T. Weitz. "Health Policy and Aging" In G. Maddox (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Aging. NY: Springer.

2001 Estes, C.L. "The Political Economy of Aging: A Critical Perspective on Social Gerontology" In S. Biggs, A. Lowenstein, and J. Hendricks (Eds.) The Need for Theory: Social Gerontology for the 21st Century. Amityville, NY: Bayw

2000 Estes, C.L. and K. W. Linkins. "Critical Perspectives on Health & Aging." Albrecht, G.L., R. Fitzpatrick and S.C. Scrimshaw (Eds.) The Handbook of Social Studies in Health & Medicine. Sage Publications: London.

2000 Estes, C.L. and K.W. Linkins. "Aging and Health." In Bird, C.E., P. Conrad, and A.M. Fremont (Eds.) Handbook of Medical Sociology, 5th Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

2000 Estes, C.L. and J. Mahakian. "The Political Economy of Productive Aging." Perspective on Productive Aging: toward a Knowledge-Building Agenda. Baltimore MD: John Hopkins University.

2000 Estes, C.L. "The Uncertain Future of Home Care." Challenges and Opportunities in Home Health Care. In R. H. Binstock, and L. E. Cluff (Eds.). Home Health Care: Issues and Challenges. New York: Springer.

2000 Estes, C.L. and T. Weitz. "Midlife and Older Women: A New Voice on the Women's Health Agenda." In Lee, P. R. and C. L. Estes (Eds.). The Nation's Health, 6th Edition. Boston: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

2000 Estes. C.L., J. Wiener, S. Goldberg, and S. Goldensen. "The Politics of Long Term Care Reform Under the Clinton Health Plan: Lessons for the Future." In Lee, P.R. and C.L. Estes (Eds.), The Nation's Health, 6th Edition. Boston: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

2000 Estes, C.L. "Health Policy and Aging" in George Maddox (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Aging. NY: Springer.

1999 Estes, C.L. "The Political Economy of Aging." In George Maddox (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Aging. NY: Springer.

1999 Estes, C.L. and K.W. Linkins. "Aging and Illness." In Albrecht, G. L., R. Fitzpatrick, S C. Scrimshaw (Eds.) Handbook of Social Studies in Health and Medicine. Newbury Park: Sage Publications.

1998 Estes, C.L., and K. W. Linkins. "Decentralization, Devolution, and the Deficit: The Changing Role of the State and the Community." J.G. Gonya, (Ed.) Resecuring Social Security and Medicare: Understanding Privatization and Risk. The Gerontological Society of America, Washington, DC.

1998 Torrez, D., C.L. Estes and K. Linkins. "The Impact of a Decade of Policy on Home Health Care Utilization" Home Health Care Services Quarterly. 16(4): 35-56.

1998 Estes, C.L. and L. Close, "Organization of Health and Social Services for the Frail Elderly" Chapter Four. Susan M. Allen and Vincent Mor (Eds.) Living in the Community with Disability: A Cross-Group Perspective. Springer Publishing Company, New York, pp. 73-91.

1997 Estes, C.L. and E.A. Binney. "The Restructuring of Home Care." In Daniel M. Fox and Carol Raphael (Eds.) Home Based Care For A New Century. NY: Co-published Milbank Memorial Fund & Blackwell, pp. 5-21.

1997 Estes, C.L. and K.W. Linkins, "Devolution and Aging Policy: Racing to the Bottom in Long Term Care?" International Journal of Health Services. Baltimore: 27(3), pp. 427-442.

1997 Jones, V.Y and C.L. Estes, "Older Women: Income, Retirement and Health," Chap II, Women's Health: Complexities and Differences (Eds.) Sheryl Burt Ruzek, Virginia L. Olesen and Adele E. Clarke, Columbus, OH: Ohio, University Press, pp. 425-445.

1997 Lynch, M. and C.L. Estes. "Is Managed Care Good for Older Persons?" The "NO" Argument. In Andrew E. Scharlach and Leonard W. Kaye (Eds.) Controversial Issues in Aging. Needham Heights, Allyn and Bacon, (eds.) pp. 114-124.

1998 Estes, C.L. and L. Close. "The Organization of Health and Social Services for the Frail Elderly." Vincent Mor and Susan Allen (Eds.) Living in the Community with Disability: A Cross-Group Perspective. Springer Publishing Company, New York.

1996 Estes, C.L., S.E. Kelly, and E.A. Binney. "Bioethics in a Disposable Society: Medicalization and the Intergenerational State," Rationing Health Care: Ethics and Aging, Philadelphia, Temple University Press.

1996 Estes, C.L. "Biomedicalization of Aging: Impact on Research." Aging Network News, Vol. XIV, Number 2, June 1996.

1995 Estes, C.L. "Mental Health Services for the Elderly: Key Policy Elements." Chapter 12, in Margaret Gatz (Ed.) Emerging Issues in Mental Health & Aging. American Psychological Association, Washington, D.C., 303-327.

1995 Estes, C.L, K. Linkins, and E.A. Binney. "The Political Economy of Aging." Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences, L. George and R. Binstock (Eds.) Fourth Edition, Academic Press, San Diego, 346-361.

1995 Swan, J.H., C.L. Estes, and C. Harrington, "Nursing Home Waits for Admission in an Era of Change." Journal of Health and Social Policy, 7(2): 33-45.

1994 Silberberg, M., C.L. Estes, and C. Harrington. "Political Perspectives on Uncertified Home Care Agencies." Health Care Financing Review, Fall, 16(1), 223-245.

1994 Estes, C.L. "The Reagan-Bush Legacy: Privatisation, the Welfare State, and Ageing." COMMUNITY CARE: New Agendas and Challenges from the UK and Overseas, (Eds. D. Challis, B. Davies and K. Traske) on behalf of the British Society of Gerontology. Hants: Ashgate Publishing Ltd.

1994 Estes, C.L. and L. Close. "Public Policy and Long Term Care," Chapter 17. M. Ory and R. Abeles (Eds.) Aging and Quality of Life, Springer Publishing Company, New York.

1994 Close, L., C.L. Estes, K.W. Linkins, and E.A. Binney. "A Political Economy Perspective on Frontline Workers in Long-Term Care." GENERATIONS, Journal of the American Society on Aging, Vol. XVIII, No. 3, Fall, 23-27.

1994 Estes, C.L. and T. Bodenheimer. "Paying for Long Term Care: Private Insurance or Social Insurance?" Western Journal of Medicine 160(1), 64-69.

1994 Estes, C.L. and J.H. Swan. "Privatization and Access to Home Health Care," The Milbank Quarterly, 72 (2), 277-98.

1993 Estes, C.L. "The Aging Enterprise Revisited," The Gerontologist. Vol. 3, 292-298.

1993 Estes, C.L. and L. Close. "Long-Term Care: The Challenge to Education." The Beverly Lecture on Gerontology and Geriatrics Education, No. 8, Washington, D.C. The Association for Gerontology in Higher Education.

1992 Estes, C.L., J.H. Swan, L.A. Bergthold, and P. Hanes-Spohn. "Running as Fast as They Can: Organizational Changes in Home Health Care." Home Health Care Services Quarterly 13(1/2), 35-69.

1992 Clarke, L, and C.L. Estes. "Sociological and Economic Theories of Markets and Non-profits: Evidence from Home Health Organizations." American Journal of Sociology, 97:(4), 945-969.

1992 Estes, C.L. and T. Rundall. "Social Characteristics, Social Structure and Health Policy in the Aging Population." In M.G. Ory and R.P. Abeles (Eds.), Aging, Health and Behavior. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, pp. 299-326.

1992 Estes, C.L. "Health Policy Analysis." In E. Borgatta and M. Borgatta (Eds.), The Encyclopedia of Sociology. New York: MacMillan Publishing, Vol. 2, pp. 808-810.

1992 Estes, C.L., C. Harrington, and S. Davis. "The Medical Industrial Complex." In E. Borgatta and M. Borgatta (Eds.), The Encyclopedia of Sociology. New York: MacMillan Publishing, Vol. 3, pp. 1243-1254.

1991 Estes, C.L., E.A. Binney, and R.A. Culbertson. "The Gerontological Imagination: Social Influences on the Development of Gerontology, 1945-present." Journal of Aging and Human Development, 35(1), 49-67.

1991 Estes, C.L. "The Reagan Legacy: Privatization, the Welfare State and Aging in the 1990's." In J. Myles and J. Quadagno, States, Labor Markets and the Future of Old Age Policy, Philadelphia: Temple University Press, pp. 59-83.

1991 Estes, C.L. "The New Political Economy of Aging." In M. Minkler and C.L. Estes (Eds.). Critical Perspectives on Aging. Amityville, NY: Baywood Press, pp.19-36.

1991 Arendell, T. and C.L. Estes. "Older Women in the Post-Reagan Era." International Journal of Health Services, 21(1), 59-73. (Order of authorship is alphabetical).

1991 Harrington, C., C. Cassell, C.L. Estes, S. Woolhandler, D.V. Himmelstein. "A National Long Term Care Program in the United States." Journal of American Medical Association. December, 266, 3023-3029.

1991 Estes, C.L. Retrospective Review of "Capitalism and the Construction of Old Age" by C. Phillipson. Ageing and Society, 11(3), 249-352.

1990 Estes, C.L. "Long-Term Care Is Mainstream. Why Isolate It From Acute Care?" Perspective on Aging. Washington, D.C.: National Council on the Aging, July/August, 4-8.

1990 Estes, C.L., and R. Alford. "Systemic Crisis and the Nonprofit Sector: Toward a Political Economy of the Nonprofit Health and Social Services." Theory and Society, 19(2), 173-198.

1990 Binney, E.A., and C.L. Estes. "Setting the Wrong Limits: Class Biases and the Biographical Standard." In P. Homer and M. Holstein (Eds.), A Good Old Age: The Paradox of Setting Limits. New York: Simon & Schuster/Touchstone, 240-255.

1990 Goldberg, S.C., and C.L. Estes. "Medicare DRGs and Post-Hospital Care for the Elderly: Does Out of the Hospital Mean Out of Luck?" Journal of Applied Gerontology, 9(1), 20-35.

1990 Swan, J.H., and C.L. Estes. "Changes in Aged Populations Served by Home Health Agencies." Journal of Aging and Health, 2(3), 373-394.

1990 Wood, J.B., and C.L. Estes. "The Impact of DRGs on Community-Based Service Providers: Implications for the Elderly." American Journal of Public Health, 80(7), 840-843.

1990 Bergthold, L.A., C.L. Estes, and A. Villanueva. "Public Light and Private Dark: The Privatization of Home Health Services for the Elderly in the U.S." Home Health Care Services Quarterly, 11(3/4), 7-33.

1990 Binney, E.A., C.L. Estes, and S.R. Ingman. "Medicalization, Public Policy and the Elderly: Social Services in Jeopardy?" Social Science and Medicine, 30(7), 761-771.

1989 Estes, C.L. "Aging, Health and Social Policy: The Crisis and the Crossroads." Journal of Aging and Social Policy, 1(1-2), 17-32.

1989 Estes, C.L. and L.A. Bergthold. "The Unraveling of the Nonprofit Service Sector in the U.S." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 9(213), 18-33.

1989 Estes, C.L. and E.A. Binney. "The Biomedicalization of Aging: Dangers and Dilemmas." The Gerontologist, 29(5), 587-596.

1989 Estes, C.L. and P. Weiler. "Health Professions Education for the Care of the Elderly." In S. Andreopoulos and J. Hogness (Eds.), Health Care for an Aging Society. New York: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 97-117.

1989 Lee, P.R., and C.L. Estes. "Toward National Health Insurance." In C. Eisdorfer, D.A. Kessler, and A.N. Spector (Eds.), Caring for the Elderly: Reshaping Health Policy. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 137-151.

1989 Wallace, S.P., and C.L. Estes. "Health Policy for the Elderly: Federal Policy and Institutional Change." In R.C. Rist (Ed.), Policy Issues for the 1990s: Policy Studies Review Annual. Vol. 9. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 591-613.

1989 Wallace, S.P., and C.L. Estes. "Health Policy for the Elderly." Transaction/Society, 26(6), 66-75.

1989 Estes, C.L., E.A. Binney, and L.A. Bergthold. "The Role of Ideology and Public Policy: The Delegitimation of the Nonprofit Sector." In V. Hodgkinson and R. Lyman (Eds.), The Nonprofit Sector. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, pp. 21-40.

1989 Estes, C.L., S. Wallace, and E.A. Binney. "Health, Aging, and Medical Sociology." In H.E. Freeman and S. Levine (Eds.), Handbook of Medical Sociology (4th ed.). New York: Prentice-Hall, pp. 400-418.

1989 Kerin, P., C.L. Estes, and E. Douglass. "Federal Funding for Aging Education and Research: A Decade Analysis." The Gerontologist, 29(5), 606-614.

1989 Swan, J.H., P. Fox, and C.L. Estes. "Geriatric Services: Community Mental Health Center Boon or Bane?" Community Mental Health Journal, 25(4), 327-329.

1988 Estes, C.L. "Cost-Containment and the Elderly: Conflict or Challenge?" Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 36(1), 68-72.

1988 Estes, C.L. "Healthcare Policy in the Later Twentieth Century." Generations, Spring, 44-47.

1988 Estes, C.L., and E.A. Binney. "Towards Transformation of Health and Aging Policy." International Journal of Health Services, 18(1), 69-82.

1988 Binney, E.A., and C.L. Estes. "The Retreat of the State and its Transfer of Responsibility: The Intergenerational War." International Journal of Health Services, 18 (1), 83-96.

1988 Wood, J.B., and C.L. Estes, "The Medicalization of Community Services for the Elderly." Health and Social Work, 13(1), 35-43.

1987 Estes, C.L. "The Challenge to Gerontological Education in an Era of Austerity." Educational Gerontology, 12(6), 495-505.

1987 Estes, C.L. "Health Care Policy." In George Maddox (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Aging. New York: Springer, pp. 311-315.

1987 Arendell, T., and C.L. Estes. "Unsettled Future: Older Women, Economics and Health." Feminist Studies, 7(1), 3-25. (Order of authorship is alphabetical.)

1987 Mahoney, C.W., and C.L. Estes. "The Changing Role of Private Foundations." Journal of Voluntary Action Research, 16(4), 22-33.

1987 Spohn, P.H., L. Bergthold, and C. Estes. "From Cottages to Condos: The Expansion of the Home Care Industry Under Medicare." Home Health Care Services Quarterly, 8(4), 25-55.

1987 Zones, J.S., and C.L. Estes, E.A. Binney. "Gender, Public Policy and the Oldest Old." Ageing and Society, 7, 275-302.

1986 Estes, C.L. "The Aging Enterprise: In Whose Interests?" International Journal of Health Services, 16(2), 243-251.

1986 Estes, C.L. "Institutional Versus Home Health Care of the Elderly: The Delicate Balance of Social Policy.: Home Health Care Services Quarterly, 7(3/4), 135-141. Reprinted in K.G. Andreoli, S. Reiser and L. Anne Musser (Eds.), Health Care for the Elderly: Regional Responses to National Policy Issues. New York: Haworth Press.

1986 Estes, C.L. "The Politics of Ageing in America." Ageing and Society, 6(2), 121-134 and "La Politique de la Vieillesse." Gerontologic et Societe, 41, 79-92 (Translated from Ageing and Society).

1986 Estes, C.L. and P.R. Lee, "Health Problems and Policy Issues of Old Age." In L. Aiken and D. Mechanic (Eds.), Applications of Social Science to Clinical Medicine and Health Policy. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, pp. 335-355. Reprinted in P. Brown (Ed.), Current Perspectives in Medical Sociology, Homewood, IL: Dorsey Press.

1986 Estes, C.L. and J.B. Wood. "The Nonprofit Sector and Community-Based Care for the Elderly in the U.S.: A Disappearing Resource?" Social Science and Medicine, 23(12), 1261-1266. Reprinted in P.R. Lee and C.L. Estes (Eds.), The Nation's Health, 3rd Edition. Boston: Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 1990, 374-381.

1986 Mahoney, C.W. and C.L. Estes. "The Changing Role of Private Foundations." In D. Hyman and K. Parkum (Eds.), Models of Health and Human Services in the Nonprofit Sector. Proceedings of the 14th Annual Meeting of the Association of Voluntary Action Scholars. University Park, PA: The Associates.

1986 Wood, J.B. and C.L. Estes. "Health Care Cost Containment and Nonprofit Homemaker/Chore Agencies." Caring: National Association for Home Care Magazine, 5(9), 26-34.

1986 Wood, J.B. and C.L. Estes. "Adult Day Care Centers and Long Term Care." Perspective on Aging. Washington, D.C.: National Council on the Aging, Sept/Oct, 38-40.

1986 Estes, C.L., S. Fox, and C. W. Mahoney. "Health Care and Social Policy: Health Promotion and the Elderly." In K. Dychtwald (Ed.), Wellness and Health Promotion for the Elderly. Rockville, MD: Aspen, pp. 55-69.

1986 Estes, C.L., L. Gerard, and R. Stone. "The Policy Implications of Caring for Older Women." Business and Health, 3(4), 38-40.

1986 Harrington, C., C.L. Estes, P.R. Lee, and R.J. Newcomer. "Effects of State Medicaid Policies On the Aged." The Gerontologist, 26(4), 437-443.

1986 Swan, J.H., P.J. Fox, and C.L. Estes. "Community Mental Health Services and the Elderly: Retrenchment or Expansion?" Community Mental Health Journal, 22(4), 275-285.

1986 Wood, J.B., R.G. Hughes, and C.L. Estes. "Community Health Centers and the Elderly: A Potential New Alliance." Journal of Community Health, 11(2), 137-146.


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