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Mary B. Engler, PhD, RN, MS, FAHA
Professor
Director, Cardiovascular and Genomics Graduate Program
Dept. of Physiological Nursing
2 Koret Way, #N-631
San Francisco, CA 94143-0610
Phone: (415) 476-0984 Fax: (415) 476-8899
Email: mary.engler@nursing.ucsf.edu
My area of research interest involves nutritional interventions in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
My laboratory program of research currently focuses on genetic determinants of cardiovascular disease. Previous work has investigated the vascular effects (modulation of blood vessel tone) of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, the principal bioactive components of fish and fish oils. Specific vasorelaxant mechanism involving calcium, endothelium, eicosanoids, and potassium channel opening have been examined in various models of cardiovascular risk factors, i.e., hypertension (SHR), aging (F344), and hypercholesterolemia.
Collaborative investigations on dietary omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids have also been conducted with an emphasis on blood pressure effects and changes in plasma and tissue lipid metabolism. Our laboratory is now extending this work to clinical research trials investigating the effects of dietary interventions, i.e., omega 3 fatty acids, antioxidants, L·arginine, on vascular endothelial function in hypercholesterolemic children at high risk for coronary artery disease. Another research area of interest is the effects of dietary flavonoids on endothelial function, oxidative stress measures, and blood cholesterol.
The EARLY (Endothelial Assessment of Risk in Lipids from Youth) Trial. This 5·year randomized clinical trial includes hyperlipidemic children and adolescents (ages 9 - 21) and interventions with dietary supplementation. Measures of vascular endothelial function, plasma lipoproteins, oxidative stress, immune function, and blood pressure will be examined. Preventive strategies aimed at early detection of endothelial dysfunction and dietary modification may restore endothelial function in children and adolescents at high risk for CHD.
The "Phospholipid Transfer Protein (PLTP) Mutations in Dyslipidemias" project includes genetic determinations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) deficiency in individuals with altered HDL and/or PLTP, an important regulator of HDL metabolism. Genetic mutations in the PLTP gene that compromise PLTP function may have significant implications for abnormal cholesterol levels and development of atherosclerosis.
Another project includes a randomized clinical trial with dietary supplementation with flavonoid-rich dark chocolate in healthy adults. The effects of cocoa flavonoids on vascular endothelial function, oxidative stress measures, blood lipid profile, and blood pressure are being investigated. Nutritional approaches may be beneficial in cardiovascular disease prevention.
My areas of teaching include; cardiovascular physiology, pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, lipid metabolism, management of lipid risk factors in coronary heart disease, vascular endothelial dysfunction, cellular concepts of pathophysiology, physical exam and health assessment. Currently, I teach graduate level courses in human pathophysiology and aging, and management of cardiovascular disease.
My professional activities include service to several journals in the capacity of manuscript reviewer and editorial board member. I am also involved at local and national levels of the American Heart Association.
National Institutes of Health First Independent Research Support and Transition (FIRST) Award (R-29) "Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Risk Factors" (PI) 1992-1997
Fellow, Council on Cardiovascular Nursing. American Heart Association
National Institutes of Health (R01), NINR "Diet, Endothelial Function and Pediatric Hyperlipidemia" (Co-I) 2000-2006
National Institutes of Health Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) "Phospholipid Transfer Protein Mutations in Dyslipidemias" (PI) 2002-2006.
Marymount University, Arlington VA (AAS)
American University, Washington, DC (BS)
American University, Washington, DC (MS, Biology)
Georgetown University, Washington, DC (PhD, Physiology)
New! Search PubMed for publications by this author.
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1994 · Engler, M.B. Vascular effects of omega-3 fatty acids: Possible therapeutic mechanisms in cardiovascular disease. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 8(3):53-67.
1994 · Engler, M.B., Engler, M.M. Cardiovascular nurse interventionist: An emerging new role. Nursing and Health Care, 15(4):198-202.
1998 · Engler, M.M., Engler, M.B., Nguyen H. Age-related changes in plasma and tissue fatty acid composition in Fischer 344 rats. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology International, 46(6):1117-1126.
1998 · Engler, M.M., Engler, M.B. Dietary borage oil alters plasma, hepatic, and vascular tissue fatty acid composition in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 59(1):11-15.
1998 · Engler, M.M., Engler, M.B. The effects of dietary evening primrose, black currant, borage and fungal oils on plasma, hepatic, and vascular tissue fatty acid composition in spontaneously hypertensive rat. Nutrition Research, 18(9):1533-1544.
1998 · Engler, M.M., Schambelan M., Engler, M.B., Ball D.L., Goodfriend T.L. Effects of dietary gamma-linolenic acid on blood pressure and adrenal angiotensin receptors in hypertensive rats. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 218 (3):234-237
1999 · Engler, M.B., Engler, M.M., Mayes M.M., Ursell P.C. Effects of the omega-3 fatty acids on vascular tone in hypercholesterolaemia and balloon-arterial injury. The Asia Pacific Heart Journal, 8 (1):27-35
1999 · Engler, M.M., Engler, M.B., Goodfriend T.L, Ball D.L, Yu Z., Su P., Kroetz D.L. Docosahexaenoic acid is an antihypertensive nutrient which affects aldosterone production in SHR. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 221(1):32-38
1999 · Engler, M.M., Engler, M.B., Kroetz D.L., Boswell K.D.B., Neeley E., Krassner S.M. The effects of a diet rich in docosahexaenoic acid on organ and vascular fatty acid composition in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 61(5):289-296.
1999 · Engler, M.B., Ma, Y.H., Engler, M.M. Calcium-mediated mechanisms of eicosapentaenoic acid-induced relaxation in hypertensive rat aorta. American Journal of Hypertension, 12:1225-1235.
2000 · Engler, M.M., Bellenger-Germain, S.H., Engler, M.B., Narce, M.M., Poisson, J.-P. Dietary docosahexaenoic acid affects unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Lipids, 35:1011-1015.
2000 · Engler, M.B., Engler, M.M. Docosahexaenoic acid-induced vasorelaxation in hypertensive rats: mechanism of action. Biological Research for Nursing, 2: 85-95.
2000 · Engler, M.B., Engler, M.M., Browne, A., Sun, Y.P., Sievers, R. Mechanisms of vasorelaxation induced by eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) in WKY rat aorta. British Journal of Pharmacology. 131(8): 1793-1799.
2001 · Engler, M.B., Engler, M.M., Malloy, M.J., Schloetter, M.C., Stoehlinger, M., Cooke, J.P., Mietus-Snyder, M. The effects of nutritional counseling and antioxidants on asymmetric dimethylarginine levels in hyperlipidemic children. Endotheilial assessment of risk from lipids in youth (EARLY) study. Circulation, 104(17): II-470.
2001 · Engler, M.M., Engler, M.B., Malloy, M.J., Schloetter, M.C., Morrow, J.D., Mietus-Snyder, M. The effects of nutritional counseling and vitamins C and E on endothelial function, lipids, and isprostane levels in hyperlipidemia. Endothelial assessment of risk from lipids in youth (EARLY) study. Circulation, 104(17): II-470.
2002 · Mietus-Snyder, M., Aouizerat, B., Engler, M.M., Engler, M.B., Chiu, E.Y., Malloy, M.J. Paraoxanase I status in pediatric hyperlipidemia: Genotype modulates activity. The Physiologist 45(3): 74
2002 · Engler, M.M., Engler, M.B., Malloy, M.J., Chiu, E.Y., Schloetter, M.C., Morrow, J.D., Rifai, N., Ridker, P.M., Mietus-Snyder, M. Docosahexaenoic acid, an omega-3 fatty acid, improves endothelial function in hyperlipidemic children: Endothelial assessment of risk from lipids in youth (EARLY) study. Circulation, 106(19): II-368.
2003 · Engler, M.M., Engler, M.B., Pierson D.M., Molteni, L.B., Molteni A. Effects of docosahexaenoic acid on vascular pathology and reactivity in hypertension. Experimental Biology and Medicine, 228:299-307.
2003 · Engler, M.B., Engler, M.M., Malloy, M.J., Browne, A., Chiu, E., Chen, C.Y., Milbury, P., Blumberg, J., Mietus-Snyder, M. Effects of flavonoid-rich chocolate consumption on endothelial function and oxidative stress. The FASEB J, 17(5)Part II.
2003 · Engler, M.M., Engler, M.B., Malloy, M.J., Chiu, E.Y., Schloetter, M.C., Paul, S.M., Stuehlinger, M., Lin, K.Y., Cooke, J.P., Morrow, J.D., Ridker, P.M.,, Rifai, N., Miller, E., Witztum, J.L., Mietus-Snyder, M. Antioxidant Vitamins C and E Improve Endothelial Function in Children with Hyperlipidemia: Endothelial Assessment of Risk from Lipids in Youth (EARLY) Trial. Circulation. 108, 1059-1063.
2004 · Engler, M.M., Engler, M.B., Arterburn, L.M., Bailey, E., Chiu, E.Y., Malloy, M.J. Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation alters plasma fatty acid composition in hyperlipidemic children: Results from the EARLY study. Nutrition Research, 24(9): 721-729.
2004 · Engler, M.B. Familial hypercholesterolemia: Genetic predisposition to atherosclerosis. MEDSURG Nursing (The Journal of Adult Health), 13(4) August: 253-257.
2004 · Engler, M.B., Engler, M.M. The vasculoprotective effects of flavonoid-rich cocoa and chocolate. Nutrition Research, 24(9): 695-706.
2004 · Engler, M.M., Engler, M.B., Malloy, M.J., Chiu, E.L., Besio, D., Stuehlinger, M., Morrow, J.D., Ridker, P.M., Rifai, N., Mietus-Snyder, M. Docosahexaenoic acid restores endothelial function in children with hyperlipidemia: Results from the EARLY Study. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 42(12), 672-679.
2004 · Engler, M.B., Engler, M.M., Chen, C.Y., Malloy, M.J., Browne, A., Chiu, E., Kwak, HK, Milbury, P., Paul SM, Blumberg, J. Mietus-Snyder, M. Flavonoid-rich dark chocolate improves endothelial function and increases plasma epicatechin concentrations in healthy adults. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 23(3), 197-204.
2005 · Engler, M.M., Engler, M.B., Malloy M.J., Paul, S.M., Kulkarni, K.R., Mietus-Snyder, M.L. Effect of docosahexaenoic acid on lipoprotein subclasses in hyperlipidemic children (The EARLY Study). The American Journal of Cardiology 95:869-871.
2005 · Engler, M.M., Engler, M.B. Omega-3 fatty acids: Role in cardiovascular health and disease. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing 2006 Jan/Feb 21(1) 17-24.
2005 · Engler, M.B., Engler, M.M. The emerging role of flavonoid-rich cocoa and chocolate in cardiovascular health and disease.
Nutrition Reviews 2006 Mar; 64(3); 109-18.
Current research training in Cardiovascular Molecular Genetics.
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